Fault Code Reference

What does your boiler
fault code mean?

Find your boiler brand below and look up the code on your display. Each one shows what it means, what's likely causing it, and whether it's safe to check yourself or needs a Gas Safe registered engineer.

SAFETY

Never open the boiler casing or work on gas components yourself. If you smell gas, hear banging, or see scorching or soot around the boiler, turn off the gas supply at the meter and call the National Gas Emergency line on 0800 111 999 immediately, then arrange a Gas Safe engineer.

Boiler pressure & radiator air

SAFE TO DO YOURSELF

Two of the most common causes of a fault code are low system pressure and trapped air in the radiators. Both are safe, normal homeowner maintenance — no gas or electrical work involved, just the water side of the heating system.

How do I know if pressure needs topping up?

Check the pressure gauge on the front of the boiler (usually a small dial, sometimes a digital readout). Normal running pressure is 1.0–1.5 bar when the heating is cold. If the needle or reading is below 1 bar, or a low-pressure fault code has come up (F1, H07, E119, L2 — see below), it needs topping up. Above 2.5–3 bar is too high and also needs attention.

How to top up the pressure

Most boilers have a filling loop — a braided silver hose connected to the pipework underneath, with a valve (or two) on it. With the boiler off and cool: slowly open the valve(s) until you hear water filling and watch the gauge rise. Stop as soon as it reaches 1.3–1.5 bar — this is the target, don't overfill. Close the valve(s) fully, then switch the boiler back on. Some boilers need a reset button pressed afterwards to clear the fault.

When it's more than just topping up

Topping up once every few months is normal. If pressure keeps dropping every week or two, that points to a leak somewhere in the system (or a failing component) rather than something to keep topping up — that needs an engineer to find and fix, not repeated top-ups.

How do I know if a radiator needs bleeding?

If a radiator is cold at the top but hot at the bottom, there's trapped air inside stopping it from heating fully — that's the signal to bleed it. Cold all over usually means something else (like a closed valve or pressure issue), not air.

How to bleed a radiator

With the heating on and radiators hot, use a radiator key on the small valve at the top corner of the radiator. Hold a cloth underneath, turn slowly a quarter-turn — you'll hear a hiss of escaping air. Close it the moment steady water (no more air) starts to come out. Check the boiler pressure afterwards, as bleeding radiators often drops it slightly and it may need a small top-up.

Frozen condensate pipe in winter

In freezing weather, the plastic condensate pipe (the small waste pipe running outside from the boiler) can freeze and block, which often triggers a lockout or ignition fault. If it's safe to reach, you can pour warm — not boiling — water along the outside of the pipe to thaw it, then reset the boiler. If you can't reach it safely, it's still frozen after thawing, or the fault returns, that's one for an engineer.

Worcester Bosch

Greenstar / CDi / i Range

Covers the Greenstar i, Si, CDi, 4000, 8000 and Heatslave ranges. Codes beginning with "H" are maintenance notices, not faults — the boiler keeps running.

EA227 / EA229

No flame detected

The boiler tried to ignite but couldn't detect a flame. In freezing weather this is most often a frozen condensate pipe rather than a real fault.

Engineer required
H07 / 1017

Low water pressure

System pressure has dropped below the safe minimum. Usually fixed by topping up via the filling loop to around 1.5 bar.

DIY: repressurise
C6

Fan fault

The fan or its control circuit isn't operating correctly. Critical for safe flue operation, so needs an engineer.

Engineer required
CE207 / CE203

Sensor fault

A temperature or flow sensor is reading incorrectly or has failed. Try one reset; if it returns, the sensor likely needs replacing.

Engineer required
A1

Pump stuck or running dry

Often linked to low pressure. Check pressure first — if the pump has seized, it needs freeing or replacing by an engineer.

Engineer required
E9

Overheating

Usually caused by poor water circulation. Bleeding radiators and checking pressure can help, but persistent overheating needs inspection.

Engineer required

Vaillant

ecoTEC Plus / Pro

Vaillant fault codes use an "F" prefix and are broadly consistent across the ecoTEC range.

F22

Low water pressure

System pressure is too low for safe operation. Top up via the filling loop; if it keeps dropping, there's likely a leak.

DIY: repressurise
F28

Ignition failure

The boiler couldn't establish a flame at startup — often a blocked burner, faulty ignition electrode, or gas supply issue.

Engineer required
F29

Flame lost during operation

Ignition succeeded but the flame cut out afterwards. Can relate to gas pressure, a blocked flue, or condensate issues.

Engineer required
F75

Pump or pressure sensor fault

The boiler didn't detect an expected pressure change after the pump started — usually a circulation problem, sometimes sludge or limescale related.

Engineer required
F62

Gas valve fault

The gas valve is taking too long to open or close. This is a safety-critical component fault.

Engineer required
F24 / F23

Pump or temperature spread fault

Indicates the pump isn't circulating water correctly, often due to debris or a failing pump.

Engineer required

Baxi

600 / 800 / Platinum+ / Duo-tec

Baxi codes use an "E" prefix, sometimes displayed as two alternating digits (e.g. E133 flashes as "E1" then "33").

E119

Low water pressure

System pressure below roughly 0.5 bar. Top up using the filling loop to 1.0–1.5 bar; check for leaks if it recurs.

DIY: repressurise
E133

Ignition failure

Boiler failed to ignite — check the gas supply is on and prepayment meter has credit first. Very common cause in winter is a frozen condensate pipe.

Engineer required
E125

Poor primary circulation

Boiler temperature isn't rising as expected after the burner lights, pointing to a circulation issue.

Engineer required
E160 / E161

Fan fault

The combustion fan isn't operating correctly — safety-critical, needs inspection.

Engineer required
E28

Flue thermistor fault

The sensor monitoring flue temperature has failed or is reading incorrectly.

Engineer required
E168 / E167

PCB fault

A problem with the boiler's printed circuit board or power supply. Often needs board diagnosis or replacement.

Engineer required

Ideal

Logic / Logic Max / Vogue

Ideal uses F and L prefixes. L5 simply means the boiler has locked out after repeated resets — the underlying cause is usually F1 or L2.

F1

Low water pressure

Pressure has dropped below the safe operating level. Top up to around 1.5 bar via the filling loop.

DIY: repressurise
L2 / F2

Ignition lockout

The boiler failed to ignite or lost the flame. Frozen condensate pipe is a common winter cause — otherwise check gas supply and try one reset.

Engineer required
F3

Fan fault

The combustion fan isn't reaching or maintaining the correct speed.

Engineer required
F4

Thermistor fault

A flow or return temperature sensor is faulty, affecting how the boiler regulates heat.

Engineer required
F9 / L9

PCB fault

An issue with the main control board. A single power reset can be tried, but recurrence means the board needs inspection.

Engineer required
L5

Repeated lockout

Boiler has reset itself multiple times in a short period — a safety feature, not a new fault. The root cause (usually F1 or L2) needs diagnosing.

Engineer required

Glow-worm

Flexicom / Betacom / Easicom

Glow-worm is part of the Vaillant Group and shares similar fault logic. Betacom models use flashing LED colours instead of a digital code.

F22 / F9

Low water pressure

Top up via the filling loop to 1–1.5 bar. Recent, sudden drops usually mean a leak somewhere in the system.

DIY: repressurise
F1 / F4 / F28 / F29

Ignition fault / frozen condensate

Boiler failed to detect a flame at startup. In cold weather this is very often a frozen external condensate pipe.

Engineer required
F3

Fan fault

Fan can't reach the speed needed for safe ignition — a mechanical or wiring issue.

Engineer required
F16 / F28 (sensor)

Flue or fan sensor fault

Wiring or sensor issue affecting safe flue operation.

Engineer required
F62 / F63 / F64

Main board or gas valve fault

A fault within the control board or gas valve circuit — always needs professional diagnosis.

Engineer required
F20

Overheating

Boiler temperature has exceeded safe limits, usually linked to circulation problems.

Engineer required

Fault code not clearing?

If a reset doesn't hold, or the code points to ignition, gas, sensor or PCB issues, it's time for a Gas Safe registered engineer. Same-day visits across North & North West London, plus Watford, Slough & Uxbridge.